Impact of an educational video as a consent tool on knowledge about cure research among patients and caregivers at HIV clinics in South Africa
2018
Background: Despite increasing access to antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries, only 54% of eligible
individuals were receiving treatment in Africa by 2015. Recent developments in HIV cure research have been encouraging.
However, the complex science and procedures of cure research render the informed consent process challenging.
Objective: This study evaluates the impact of a video tool on educating participants about HIV cure.
Methods: A questionnaire assessing the content of the video was administered to adults recruited from two clinics in
South Africa. Patients and their care partners, who provided voluntary informed consent, were included in the study.
The questionnaire was administered in each participant‘s home language before, immediately after and at 3 months after
viewing the video, in an uncontrolled quasi-experimental ‘one group pre-test–post-test’ design. Scoring was carried out
according to a predetermined scoring grid, with a maximum score of 22.
Results: A total of 88 participants, median age 32.0 years and 86% female, were enrolled and completed the pre- and
post-video questionnaires. Twenty-nine (33%) completed the follow-up questionnaire 3 months later to assess retention
of knowledge. Sixty-three (72%) participants had a known HIV-positive status. A significant increase (10.1 vs 15.1, P=0.001)
in knowledge about HIV and HIV cure immediately after viewing the video was noted. No statistically significant difference
in knowledge between HIV-positive and -negative patients was noted at baseline. After 3 months, a decrease in performance
participation (14 vs 13.5, P=0.19) was noted. However, knowledge scores achieved after 3 months remained significantly
higher than scores at baseline (13.5 vs 9.5, P<0.01).
Conclusions: This research showed that a video intervention improved participants’ knowledge related to HIV, HIV cure
research and ethics, and the improvement was sustained over 3 months. Video intervention may be a useful tool to add
to the consent process when dealing with complex medical research questions.
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