Establishing a Canine Model of Precise Acute Myocardial Infarction by Interventional Occlusion with Gelatin Sponge via Femoral Artery

Objective: To explore the feasibility of developing precise, low risk, mini-invasive, reproducible technique of AMI on dogs with gelatin sponge by interventional occlusion via femoral artery. Methods: 12 dogs were included in this experiment. After anesthesia and tracheal cannula, a trifle of gelatin sponge was injected into the distal branch of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery through cardiac catheter guided by digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Electrocardiography and blood pressure were monitored during the whole operation. Some enzymatic activities (or the enzyme profile) of the dog blood serum were measured pre and 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 hours after MI by the standard biochemical method. Coronary angiography and Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were performed to identify the acute myocardial infarction. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining (HE) were applied to confirm AMI after the dogs were sacrificed. Results: After interventional occlusion of the distal branch of LAD, 2 dogs were sudden death caused by ventricular fibrillation during the operation. 10 dogs survived 24 h after MI remained alive at 28 days. Electrocardiograph(ECG) revealed abnormal ST segment elevation in leads V 1-V3,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and aVF. The AST,CK,CK-MB,LDH and cTnI activities were increased after AMI. Interruption of the arterial blood stream was affirmed by DSA. Perfusion defects could be achieved at 30 min after administration of 99mTcN-MPO. HE stains proved that AMI had been made successfully. Conclusions: This mini-invasive interventional method to develop the AMI animal model could be applied as a preferred technique in experimental study because of its better trustiness and safeness.