Purification and characterization of tenerplasminin-1, a serine peptidase inhibitor with antiplasmin activity from the coral snake (Micrurus tener tener) venom.
2016
A plasmin inhibitor, named tenerplasminin-1 (TP1), was isolated from Micrurus tener tener (Mtt) venom. It
showed a molecular mass of 6542 Da, similarly to Kunitz-type serine peptidase inhibitors. The amidolytic activity
of plasmin (0.5 nM) on synthetic substrate S-2251 was inhibited by 91% following the incubation with TP1
(1 nM). Aprotinin (2 nM) used as the positive control of inhibition, reduced the plasmin amidolytic activity by
71%. Plasmin fibrinolytic activity (0.05 nM) was inhibited by 67% following incubation with TP1 (0.1 nM). The
degradation of fibrinogen chains induced by plasmin, trypsin or elastase was inhibited by TP1 at a 1:2, 1:4 and
1:20 enzyme:inhibitor ratio, respectively. On the other hand, the proteolytic activity of crude Mtt venom on fi-
brinogen chains, previously attributed to metallopeptidases, was not abolished by TP1. The tPA-clot lysis assay
showed that TP1 (0.2 nM) acts like aprotinin (0.4 nM) inducing a delay in lysis time and lysis rate which may
be associated with the inhibition of plasmin generated from the endogenous plasminogen activation. TP1 is
the first serine protease plasmin-like inhibitor isolated from Mtt snake venom which has been characterized in
relation to its mechanism of action, formation of a plasmin:TP1 complex and therapeutic potential as anti-fibrinolytic
agent, a biological characteristic of great interest in the field of biomedical research. They could be used to
regulate the fibrinolytic system in pathologies such as metastatic cancer, parasitic infections, hemophilia and
other hemorrhagic syndromes, in which an intense fibrinolytic activity is observed.
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