Correlation Between In Vitro and In Vivo Screens: Special Emphasis on High Throughput Screening and High Throughput Pharmacokinetic Analysis

Abstract The success of drug formulations is based on their therapeutic efficacy. Dissolution and bioavailability are the two principal factors which govern the therapeutic efficacy of a drug product. It is important to study the drug formulation behavior in vitro as well as in vivo before making any conclusion regarding the efficacy. The perception of in vitro–in vivo correlation (IVIVC) includes the use of mathematical modeling that helps to determine the behavior regarding its in vivo and in vitro performance. High-throughput screening (HTS) and the latest drug design techniques may be useful in biochemical sciences. HTS is used to regulate the whole process, due to the employment of robots, detectors, and software. Thus, it provides the application for the detection of many more chemical compounds in a short time and affinity of determined biological structures. Nowadays, the examination of 100,000 compounds or more per day is a regular practice in pharmaceutical industries. In this chapter, we present a broad overview on IVIVC and HTS with particular emphasis on cell-based assays and toxicological screening.