Integrating nanomedicine into clinical radiotherapy regimens

Abstract While the advancement of clinical radiotherapy was driven by technological innovations throughout the 20th century, continued improvement relies on rational combination therapies derived from biological insights. In this review, we highlight the importance of combination radiotherapy in the era of precision medicine. Specifically, we survey and summarize the areas of research where improved understanding in cancer biology will propel the field of radiotherapy forward by allowing integration of novel nanotechnology-based treatments.