Neurogenic Bladder: Myelomeningocele, Occult Spina Bifida, and Tethered Cord

Spinal dysraphism occurs in patients with spina bifida aperta or occulta and will affect the functionality of bladder and sphincter complex. The incidence has changed over the past decades from 1:3000 live births to 1:6000 as a result of the use of folic acid and also as a result of early abortion.