Pattern of endothelial progenitor cells and apoptotic endothelial cell-derived microparticles in chronic heart failure patients with preserved and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction

Background Chronic heart failure (HF) remains a leading cause of cardiovascular (CV) mortality and morbidity worldwide. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the pattern of angiogenic endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and apoptotic endothelial cell-derived microparticles (EMPs) would be able to differentiate HF with reduced (HFrEF) and preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction.