Transzformáló növekedési faktor béta fehérjék szerepe a központi idegrendszer működésében = The Function of Transforming Growth Factor beta Proteins in the Central Nervous System

2013 
A palyazat kereteben megmutattuk, hogy a transzformalo novekedesi faktorok (TGF-beta1, -beta2 es -beta3) kifejeződnek az agyszovetben ischemias leziot kovetően, es hogy jelentős kulonbsegek vannak az egyes altipusok időbeli es terbeli mintazata kozott. Az a tovabbi felfedezesunk, hogy a kulonboző TGF-beta altipusok elterő tipusu sejtekben fejeződnek ki, es mas azonnali korai genekkel kolokalizalnak arra utal, hogy a kulonboző TGF-beta altipusok elterő mechanizmussal aktivalodnak az agyban ischemia utan. Ebből kovetkezően időben es terben elterően szabalyozott gyulladasos es neuroprotektiv folyamatokban vehetnek reszt. Az ischemiat kovető vedelmi szerephez hasonloan a TGF-beta feherjek mas szoveti karosodassal szemben is vedelmet nyujthatnak. A palyazat kereteben a neuroprotekcio lehetseges mechanizmusait is leirtuk. A TGF-beta feherjek a patologias folyamatok mellett fiziologias szabalyozasokban is szerepet kaphatnak. Eredmenyeink arra utaltak, hogy a TGF-beta1 feherje szerepet jatszhat a szules utani anyai adaptaciokban, mivel annak elhelyezkedese hasonlo volt egy anyai neuropeptidehez, az amylinhez a preoptikus teruleten, aminek a lezioja az anyai viselkedesek kieseset okozza. Azonban a tovabbi kiserleteink azt valoszinűsitik, hogy a TGF-beta feherjeknek nem az anyai viselkedesek, hanem esetleg a gonadotropin hormon releasing hormon elvalasztasanak szabalyozasaban vehetnek reszt. | We showed that transforming growth factors (TGF-beta1, -beta2 and -beta3) were expressed in brain tissue following ischemic lesion and that significant differences exist between the spatial and temporal patterns of expression of TGF-beta subtypes. The additional finding that TGF-beta subtypes are expressed in separate cell types, and co-localize with different immediate early genes imply that endogenous TGF-betas are induced by different mechanisms following an ischemic attack in the brain. Consequently, they may be involved in distinct spatially and temporally regulated inflammatory and neuroprotective processes. Thus, the different subtypes of TGF-betas may participate in different aspects of neural tissue protection. Apart from neuroprotection following ischemia, TGF-betas were suggested to have neuroprotective actions in a variety of additional insults to the nervous tissue. The different mechanisms involved in the neuroprotective actions of TGF-beta subunits for the different disorders are described. Physiological functions of TGF-betas were also suggested. Our results also pointed to a possible role of TGF-betas in maternal alterations as the expression of TGF-beta1 is very similar to the maternal peptide amylin in the preoptic area, a brain region whose lesion leads to the elimination of maternal care. However, a variety of approaches indicate that TGF-betas may not be involved in maternal adaptations but rather could play a role in the regulation of GnRH function in the preoptic area.
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