Multiple-pressure-tapped core holder combined with X-ray computed tomography scanning for gas–water permeability measurements of methane-hydrate-bearing sediments

We present a novel setup for measuring the effective gas–water permeability of methane-hydrate-bearing sediments. We developed a core holder with multiple pressure taps for measuring the pressure gradient of the gas and water phases. The gas–water flooding process was simultaneously detected using an X-ray computed tomography scanner. We successfully measured the effective gas–water permeability of an artificial sandy core with methane hydrate during the gas–water flooding test.