Low wind speed aerodynamics of asymmetric blade H-Darrieus wind turbine-its desired blade pitch for performance improvement in the built environment

An asymmetric blade vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) is one of the emerging technologies for harvesting power in the built environment, which has low wind speed. Although asymmetric blade improves VAWT’s performance, the effect of blade pitch angle on its design is hardly ascertained. In this paper, unsteady 2D Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes CFD simulations are carried out to investigate the effect of blade pitch angle on the aerodynamic performance of a NACA 63-415 asymmetric blade H-Darrieus VAWT at a low wind speed of 6.0 m/s. Its detailed flow physics at different operating and pitch angle conditions is investigated, and important performance insights are obtained to elucidate its desired blade pitch for performance improvement. The present study shows that positive pitch angle (+ 5°) improves the turbine performance in upwind position, whereas negative pitch angle (− 5°) augments the turbine performance in downwind position as well as causes less wake effect than positive pitch angle. Further, optimal pitch angle (+ 5°) is found out at which the maximum power coefficient of 0.271 is obtained for an operating tip speed ratio 2.4. The present study delineates how desired blade pitch improves the performance of asymmetric blade VAWT for sustainable power generation in the built environment.