客家話的短時貌標記「下」－從動量詞到狀態／程度補語標記

This article discusses the form of short-term aspect and its related usages in Taiwan Hakka, The short-term aspect in Taiwan Hakka is expressed by both verb reduplication and affixation, and the suffix 'a6' attached to the verb is believed to derive from the verb measure ”ha6”(下). Being highly grammaticalized, ”ha6”(下) as a short-term marker has already differed from that as a verb measure in the forms and meanings. However, through evidences from the phonological and semantic correspondence between ”a6” and ”ha6”(下), from dialectal comparisons, and from documental investigations, it is argued that ”a6” in Taiwan Hakka, which has also been mentioned in many other Hakka descriptions, is derived from the verb measure ”ha6” (下), In addition, the short-term marker ”a6” has developed some related usages which are rarely found in the verb measure ”ha6” of other Sinitic dialects. These related usages include the repetitive marker, the immediate anterior marker, the goal marker, and the manner or degree complement market. This essay probes into these related usages developing from the short-term marker ”ha6”, and explains their evolutionary path of grammaticalization.