1K channel optical interconnects of CMOS-PQR flip chip

The photonic quantum ring (PQR) laser is a. three dimensional whispering gallery mode laser and has anomalous quantum wire properties, such as /spl mu/A-nA range threshold currents and /spl radic/T -dependent thermal redshifts. We have observed uniform top and bottom emissions from 1kb smart pixel chip of a 32 /spl times/ 32 InGaAs PQR laser array flip-chip bonded to a CMOS-based PQR laser driver chip.