A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini)
2020
Abstract
The systematics and taxonomy of the tropical Asian jumping spiders of the tribe Baviini
is reviewed, with a molecular phylogenetic study (UCE sequence capture, traditional Sanger sequencing) guiding a reclassification of the group’s genera. The well-studied members of the group are placed into six genera: Bavia
Simon, 1877, Indopadilla
Caleb & Sankaran, 2019, Padillothorax
Simon, 1901, Piranthus
Thorell, 1895, Stagetillus
Simon, 1885, and one new genus, Maripanthus
Maddison, gen. nov. The identity of Padillothorax
is clarified, and Bavirecta
Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2018 synonymized with it. Hyctiota
Strand, 1911 is synonymized with Stagetillus
. The molecular phylogeny divides the baviines into three clades, the Piranthus
clade with a long embolus (
Piranthus
, Maripanthus
), the genus Padillothorax
with a flat body and short embolus, and the Bavia
clade with a higher body and (usually) short embolus (remaining genera). In general, morphological synapomorphies support or extend the molecularly delimited groups. Eighteen new species are described: Bavia
nessagyna
, Indopadilla
bamilin
, I.
kodagura
, I.
nesinor
, I.
redunca
, I.
redynis
, I.
sabivia
, I.
vimedaba
, Maripanthus
draconis
(type species of Maripanthus
), M.
jubatus
, M.
reinholdae
, Padillothorax
badut
, P.
mulu
, Piranthus
api
, P.
bakau
, P.
kohi
, P.
mandai
, and Stagetillus
irri
, all sp. nov., with taxonomic authority W. Maddison. The distinctions between baviines and the astioid Nungia
Żabka, 1985 are reviewed, leading to four species being moved into Nungia
from Bavia
and other genera. Fifteen new combinations are established: Bavia
maurerae
(Freudenschuss & Seiter, 2016), Indopadilla
annamita
(Simon, 1903), I.
kahariana
(Proszynski & Deeleman-Reinhold, 2013), I.
sonsorol
(Berry, Beatty & Proszynski, 1997), I.
suhartoi
(Proszynski & Deeleman-Reinhold, 2013), Maripanthus
menghaiensis
(Cao & Li, 2016), M.
smedleyi
(Reimoser, 1929), Nungia
hatamensis
(Thorell, 1881), N.
modesta
(Keyserling, 1883), N.
papakula
(Strand, 1911), N.
xiaolonghaensis
(Cao & Li, 2016), Padillothorax
casteti
(Simon, 1900), P.
exilis
(Cao & Li, 2016), P.
flavopunctus
(Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2018), Stagetillus
banda
(Strand, 1911), all comb. nov. One combination is restored, Bavia
capistrata
(C. L. Koch, 1846). Five of these new or restored combinations correct previous errors of placing species in genera that have superficially similar palps but extremely different body forms, in fact belonging in distantly related tribes, emphasizing that the general shape of male palps should be used with caution in determining relationships. A little-studied genus, Padillothorus
Proszynski, 2018, is tentatively assigned to the Baviini
. Ligdus
Thorell, 1895 is assigned to the Ballini
.
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