Acetyl-CoA carboxylase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase protein expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue is reduced in pigs selected for decreased backfat thickness at constant intramuscular fat content.
2009
The objectives of this study were 1) to determine whether selection toward less subcutaneousfat thickness at constant intramuscular fat content in pigs is related to tissue-specific changes in the expression of lipogenic enzymes acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), and Δ6- desaturase (Δ6d); and 2) to investigate tissue specific distribution of the porcine ACC, SCD, and Δ6d. The study was conducted on 20 purebred Duroc barrows.
Ten animals were from a group selected for decreased
subcutaneous fat thickness at constant intramuscular
fat content (experimental group). The other 10 animals
were from the unselected (control) group. Distribution
of ACC, SCD, and Δ6d was investigated in semimembranosus
muscle (SM), subcutaneous adipose tissue
(SA), liver (L), kidney (K), heart (H), diaphragm (D),
rectus capitis muscle (RCM), and abdominal fat (AF).
The enzyme expression was studied in 10 animals in
the case of SM and SA and in 4 animals in the case
of other tissues. The following expression pattern was
established for ACC: SM ≤ H = K ≤ D < RCM < L
< AF = SA, whereas the expression patterns for SCD
and Δ6d proteins were SM < H < RCM < D < L <
K < AF = SA and RCM = SM = D < L ≤ H < SA
< K < AF, respectively. Expression of ACC and SCD
proteins was less in subcutaneous adipose tissue of the
experimental animals when compared with the control
group (P 0.1) in
ACC and SCD protein expression between the control
and experimental groups was observed in SM. Expression
of Δ6d protein did not differ between the control
and experimental groups for SA (P = 0.47) or SM (P =
0.31). There was a positive relationship between muscle
SCD protein expression and intramuscular fat content
(r = 0.48, P < 0.05). Intramuscular fat content did
not correlate with ACC or Δ6d protein expression (P
= 0.23 and P = 0.80, respectively). We conclude that
SCD might be an effective potential biomarker for intramuscular
fat deposition.
A. Canovas,* J. Estany,† M. Tor,† R. N. Pena,* and O. Doran‡2
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