Patched Closure of Dural Outlet of External Ventricular Drainage Catheter: Better Way to Prevent Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage

Postoperative continuous bloody cerebral spinal fluid drainage with external ventricular drainage catheter could decrease the incidence of inflammation. But the drainage catheter left in place will interrupt the watertight dura matter closure. To prevent the related cerebrospinal fluid leakage and subgaleal pseudomeningocele after the catheter removal, we developed a patched closure method to seal the dural outlet of the drainage catheter with a favorable clinical outcome.