Characterization of polycyclic aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons in the southwestern coast of the Caspian Sea

Today, due to the increasing population and consequently the increase of agricultural and industrial activities, the amount of industrial and municipal waste has also increased. In the meantime, aquatic ecosystems are very important as the final pollutant receptor. The high accumulation of pollutants in water and sediment could lead to major ecological changes and affect the structure and dynamics of the ecosystem. Among these pollutants are hydrocarbon compounds found on the coasts and surface sediments of all marine environments. Since organic pollutants, such as hydrocarbons, have the potential to form strong bonds with the surface of sediment particles, they are usually found on high seas, with natural or human origin. These compounds can be used as a useful tool for the identification of organic matter sources in the sediment. Therefore, the southwestern part of the Caspian Sea is sensitive due to the presence of port and industrial zones and shipping activities in it and also in the vicinity of contamination from the surrounding countries. The purpose of this study was to review the most hazardous pollutants in the world, namely multi-rheological and aliphatic_aromatic hydrocarbons in the southwest coast of the Caspian Sea, based on bibliographic sources, authoritative internet sites and articles. Collected scientific materials are for the purpose of obtaining basic information for the correct management. Most of these studies show the petrogenetic resources in recent years due to the expansion of industry and population growth. Keywords: source identification, Aromatic, Caspian coast, Petrogenetic