Bioinformatic Analysis of Potential microRNAs in Ischemic Stroke

Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are part of the brain's response to ischemia. This study aimed to screen potential miRNAs for the prediction and novel treatments of ischemic stroke. Methods Two mRNA and 1 miRNA microarray expression profile data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Then, differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs were identified. Based on the miRNA–target pairs predicted, an miRNA–target interaction network was established. Bioinformatics analysis (Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment) was applied to interpret the function of the miRNA targets. Results In total, 16 differentially expressed miRNAs and 1345 differentially expressed genes were identified in ischemic stroke, respectively. Importantly, 445 miRNA–target pairs with an inverse correlation of expression were obtained, and the miRNA functional synergistic network was generated. Two miRNAs (miR-145 and miR-122) may represent potential biomarkers in ischemic stroke by being involved in the process of postischemic neuronal damage and thrombosis, respectively. Three novel miRNAs (miR-99b, miR-542-3p, and miR-455-5p) were deregulated, suggesting their roles in the pathological processes of ischemic stroke. Functional annotation indicated that apoptotic signaling cascades play an important role in patients with ischemic stroke. Conclusion miR-145 and miR-122 represent new biomarkers and underlying targets for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke.