Abstract Microvascular diabetic complications are the most common causes of morbidity and mortal

ity of patients with type  disease. Diabetic nephropathy is becoming the single most com- mon cause of end stage renal failure, while diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of blindness in working-age population. Th e main aim of the study was to evaluate the progres- sion of late microvascular complications in type  diabetic patients treated by conventional or intensifi ed insulin regimen over the period of  years. We selected a random sample of  patients, including  males and  females, aged , ± , years, with average duration of the disease of , ± , years. Th ey did not show signs of overt diabetic nephropathy, while  patients had background retinopathy. All the patients had their fasting and postprandial gly- caemia, HbAlc, /hour proteinuria, blood pressure, height and weight measured and body mass index calculated (BMI). Th ere was a trend towards increasing values of HbAlc (. ±. vs. . ± . , p < .), fasting glycaemia (. ±  vs. . ± . mmol/l, p < .), postpran- dial glycaemia (. ± . vs. . ± . mmol/l, p <.), systolic and diastolic blood pressure values (. ± . vs. . ± . mmHg, p<.; and . ± . vs. . ± . mmHg, p< .) although no hypertensive patient was diagnosed. Th ere were  persons (.) with persistent proteinuria of  mg/ hour or more and signifi cant diff erence in overall pro- teinuria in  yrs period (. ± . vs. . ± . mg/ h, p< .). Overall,  persons (.) were diagnosed with simple, background retinopathy, but  of them (.) had signs of proliferative form of the disease. Th e results indicate signifi cant changes in progression of proteinuria in both groups although retinopathic progression was observed but was not sig- nifi cant in the intensively treated group.