Sperm count of young men surgically treated for cryptorchidism in the first and second year of life: fertility is better in children treated at a younger age.

INTRODUCTION: Recent data has indicated the usefulness of performing orchiopexy in the first years of life. In this study, we evaluated testicular function in young men operated on for cryptorchidism in the first year of life. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the effects of such an early treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Testicular function was assessed in a group of young men operated for cryptorchidism during the first year of life (Group A, n=13) and during the second year of life (Group B, n=16). RESULTS: Total sperm counts were clearly higher in Group A (52.3±14.3 million/ml vs. 30.4±23.5 million/ml, p=0.005) as was sperm motility (36.2±8.7 vs. 23.1±15.7%, p=0.009). A clear inverse relationship was found between age at orchiopexy and total sperm count (r=−0.394, p=0.034) and sperm motility (r=−0.382, p=0.041). The relationship between volume of testes, position at surgery, uni/bilaterality of cryptorchidism, evidence of Ad spermatogonia at biopsy performed during surgery and treatment with LHRH and hCG performed before surgery and fertility was not significant. The latter findings may be partially explained by the low number of patients participating in the study and need further investigation. CONCLUSIONS: We obtained, for the first time, results showing the benefit of treating cryptorchidism during the first year of life rather than in the second year or even later.