Quantum Communication and Decoherence

2002 
The problem of decoherence is an integral part of the theory of quantum computation and communication. The potential of a quantum computer lies in its ability to process information in the form of a coherent superposition of quantum mechanical states. Quantum algorithms such as Shor’s algorithm [1] make use of the interference of different “computational paths”, which can strongly enhance their efficiency compared to classical algorithms. Because quantum coherence and interference play a central role in a quantum computer, decoherence is a major threat to its proper functioning.
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