Osteosarcopenia: pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic approaches

Osteosarcopenia was identified as a separate syndrome in 2009, and is defined as a combination of sarcopenia and osteopenia/osteoporosis. Osteosarcopenia develops mainly in old age, leads to a decrease in quality of life, an increased risk of falls and low-traumatic fractures. Patients with osteosarcopenia have worse indicators of physical functions, compared with people suffering from only one of the components of the syndrome. An important role in the osteosarcopenia prevention is played by the lifestyle of patients, Adherence to diet with the consumption of adequate amount of protein, physical activity and preventive prescription of calcium and vitamin D are important for osteosarcopenia prevention. The article summarizes data on the prevalence, pathogenesis and risk factors of osteosarcopenia, provides diagnostic criteria for the disease and discusses therapeutic approaches.