GAPO Syndrome—A Rare Cause of Osteomyelitis of Jaws; Report of 4 Cases With a Brief Review of the Literature

GAPO syndrome is characterized by growth retardation, alopecia, pseudoanodontia, and ophthalmic abnormalities. This very rarely reported syndrome affects various ethnic groups and can present with manifestations other than those usually reported. Pseudoanodontia is a rare clinical and radiologic manifestation that is always associated with GAPO syndrome. Osteomyelitis of the jaws is a less common disease that is usually attributed to odontogenic causes. This case report describes osteomyelitis of the mandible in a patient with GAPO syndrome. Further, an additional 3 cases of GAPO in the patient’s family, with special emphasis on oral mucosal changes and pseudoanodontia, are discussed.