Successful treatment of Graft-vs-Host disease after a second liver transplant

GRAFT-vs-host disease (GVHD), a multiorgan affection, occurs when immunologically competent cells from allogenic donors are transferred to an immunocompromised patient. It develops in up to 50% of patients after bone marrow transplantation. It has been reported rarely after solid organ transplantation and blood transfusion. A few cases have been described in liver transplant recipients, with a high mortality and all related to the first transplant. To our knowledge, this is the first report of GVHD related to a second liver transplant.