Влияние инокуляции семян белгородским нитрагином КМ на урожай и качество зерна сортов сои в лесостепи ЦЧР

The influence of pre-sowing seed treatment of five soybean varieties (Belgorodskaya 48, Belgorodskaya 6, Belgorodskaya 7, Belgorodskaya 8 and Bara) on their development, yield and quality of grains was studied in field experiments performed on loamy typical chernozem in Belgorod State Agrarian University named after V.Y. Gorin in 2015-2016. The seeds were treated with Nitragin KM manufactured by "NTC BIO" (Shebekino, Belgorod region). It was found that the seed inoculation with an aqueous suspension of Nitragin KM increased the number of active (large pink) nitrogen-fixing nodules on soybean roots at the flowering phase on average from 17.7 to 27.1 pieces on plant / or by 53.1 %. It caused an improvement of nitrogen nutrition of soybean varieties. As a result, soybean plants more intensively (in comparison with the control) increased the height, weight and foliage, yield (on average by 2.3 centners per hectare or 9,1 %), protein content (an average by 4,6 abs. %) and oil content (2.1%) of grain production, and also increased the protein yield (on average by 178 kilograms per hectare or 22.5%) and oil yield by 88 kg (19 %) in the crop. The soybean of Belgorod breeding was more responsive to the inoculation of seeds in comparison with the Krasnodar variety Bara. Belgorodskaya 8 was the best among the tested varieties. It formed more active nodules, was the most high-yielding (30.7 centners per hectare), high-protein (42.5%) and high-oleic in comparison with the other varieties of Belgorod breeding (27-27.7 centners per hectare, 40.4 to 41.3 per cent, and 21.7 to 23.2 per cent, respectively), and especially in comparison with Bara (24.3 centners per hectare, 39.4 per cent and 21.7 per cent). The use of the Belgorod soybean inoculant Nitragin KM is very promising and preferable, since it is 2-3 times cheaper than foreign analogues.