COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HETEROCYCLICS IN THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES

Diabetes mellitus is one of the common metabolic disorders with micro and macro vascular complications that results in significant morbidity and mortality. It is considered as one of the five leading causes of death in the world. Reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) indicate that diabetes mellitus is one of the major killer of our time with people in South East Asia and western pacific being most at risk. Heterocyclic compounds are the mainstay of antidiabetic therapy for many years. Several drugs such as sulfonylurea and biguanides are presently available to reduce hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. These drugs have side effects and thus searching for a new class of compounds is crucial to overcome these problems. Nevertheless, there is continuous search for alternative drugs; management of diabetes without any side effects is still a challenge to the medicinal chemist. Therefore, it is prudent to look for options in novel drugs by structural modifications for diabetes as well. The present work illustrates about the various categories of heterocyclic compounds and their structural modifications with structural activity relationships that are vital for the regulation of diabetes. The article shows that wide varieties of heterocyclic compounds have been synthesized and have shown anti-diabetic potentials. These derivatives can be further modified with the help of SAR generated in the present work to improve the anti-diabetic potentials of the versatile heterocyclic compounds.