High expression of insulin signalling pathway-related genes in subterranean termite castes using RNA-Seq

Ageing is a dynamic, chronological process, assumed to originate from several hallmarks of ageing cause archetypal and beguiling cycles. Insulin is the core factor that controls the mechanism of metabolism (glucose). The insulin signalling (IIS) pathway is highly conserved intimately found in lower organisms (nematodes and insects) and higher organisms (rodents and humans). However, we argue that among social insect studies, researchers selected only short life cycle organisms for longevity. The distribution of traits important in ageing, like reproductive and non-reproductive groups of termites, was extensively ignored. The reproductive and non-reproductive groups of Reticulitermes chinensis were investigated thoroughly because of the higher living potential of secondary reproductives (SWRK and SWRQ) over primary reproductive (PKs and PQs) and non-reproductive castes (workers and soldiers). The root cause of longevity in termite castes is still debated for applying molecular and cellular changes in these castes. This study focused on the transcriptome sequencing of termite castes as a model organism for longevity to investigate the insulin signalling pathway profiling and longevity genes. In this study, 35 IIS pathway-related genes and in SWRK, SWRQ, PKs, PQs, WMs and WFs employing RNA-sequencing. Furthermore, a highly conserved IIS pathway is compelling evidence to prolong the health and life span of secondary reproductive termite castes. We further recommended that IIS pathway-related genes make a better relationship between biomolecular homeostasis and remarkable longevity.