Epstein‐Barr virus‐associated bronchial leiomyoma in a boy with cellular immunodeficiency

Bronchial leiomyoma is a rare disease in children. Recently, the association of leiomyoma and HIV infection was reported. We describe a boy with a cellular immunodeficiency, who had endobronchial leiomyoma. The tumor cells were positive for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA-1 (EBER-1) and Epstein-Barr virus-determined nuclear antigen-2, suggesting a role of Epstein-Barr virus in the pathogenesis of leiomyoma. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.