Modeling of Cohesive Soils: Consolidation and Seismic Response

A new constitutive model (cookie model) for clay was proposed to establish a prediction method to evaluate damages from complex disasters. The model was developed as an extension of a model (cocktail glass model) for liquefiable sandy soil. The models were installed on a two-dimensional dynamic effective stress analysis program. The program was used to apply a constitutive model (cookie model) to a clay layer under a highway embankment as an example. We could perform the self-weight analysis, the long-term consolidation settlement analysis continuously, and seismic response analysis within process of the consolidation settlement analysis. The results analytically indicated that earthquakes caused additional instantaneous settlement, additional long-term settlement, and additional increase in pore water pressure of the clay layer. The settlement advanced rapidly during the consolidation process, and rising of pore water pressure was observed for the embankment. These observational results could be analytically reproduced by applying seismic waves during the consolidation settlement analysis.