Dynamic X-ray phase imaging based on an aperture array

A noniterative method for dynamic X-ray phase imaging from the recorded far-field diffraction intensity distribution of the object wavefront, sampled by a sampling plate, is proposed. The sampling plate consists of a two-dimensional (2D) aperture array and a central reference aperture. In this method, the complex amplitude of the object wavefront, especially the phase that carries the inner refraction information, can be retrieved from the inverse Fourier transform of the diffraction intensity distribution by directly filtering with a same aperture array. As this method requires only a single measurement of the diffraction intensity pattern and does not need any iterative algorithm, in principle, it provides a practical approach for dynamic phase imaging in a wide range of wavelengths. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method is practicable. The proposed may have potential application in high-efficiency phase retrieval for coherent diffraction imaging and phase contrast imaging.