Traqueostomía percutánea: modelo experimental en perros para entrenamiento quirúrgico

Introduction. Percutaneous tracheostomy (PT) is a fast and simple alternative to obtain a permeable aerial route; in addition, it offers advantages in time, effectiveness and costs. The dog is a good experimental model for surgical training in this proce dure. Objective. To evaluate if the accomplishment of PT in dogs is useful like experimental model of surgical training. To determine the number of PT that must make a surgeon who wishes to begin in the training of this procedure. Material and methods. Racially mixed dogs with weight between 20 and 25 kg were used, handled in agreement with the rules established for care and animal use of laboratory of Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-062-ZOO-1999 and Guide for the care and uses of laboratory animals (USA). The animals were put under general anesthesia, and —conforms to the asepsis and antisepsis norms— PT were made each three tracheal ring, initiating from second and varying the number of procedures depending on the length of trachea. When concluding the proce dures, the animals were put under euthanasia by means of anesthesia overdose. Results. They were made between six and eight procedures in each dog; while greater was the number of procedures, greater was rapidity of procedures and smaller the index of technical problems. Conclusions. The dog is a suitable experimental model for the training in PT technique. The number of PT necessary to acquire skill in the procedure depends on the ability of surgeon in the training.