Associated factors of screened myopia of junior middle school students in six provinces of China

Objective To understand the current situation and associated factors of myopia in junior middle school students, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of myopia in junior middle school students. Methods A total of 5 393 junior middle school students were selected from middle schools in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Liaoning, Shandong, Shanxi provinces. The visual acuity of middle school students was examined, and the data of general population, economy, sociology and natural environment were obtained through statistical yearbook of each province. The influencing factors of myopia of middle school students were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression. Results The results of single factor analysis showed that the myopia rate of junior high school students was different by gender, grades, parents’ average wage, sunshine duration, temperature, altitude, longitude and latitude (χ 2 =47.76, 59.05, 10.79, 106.19, 53.56, 85.02, 76.23, 107.07, P <0.05). The results of multi factor analysis showed that gender, grade, average wage, temperature and latitude was positively associated with myopia vision; sunshine duration and longitude were negatively associated with the risk for myopia ( OR = 1.54, 1.34, 1.62, 7.58, 27.10, 0.42, 0.39, P <0.05). Conclusion The myopia of junior high school students is affected by a variety of factors, economic and social factors and natural environmental factors have an impact on the screening of sexual myopia in junior high school students. Economic and social factors and natural environmental factors should be taken into account in the formulation of myopia prevention and control measures. 【摘要】 目的 了解初中生筛査性近视的流行现状及其影响因素, 为初中生近视防控提供科学依据。 方法 在广东、广 西、贵州、辽宁、山东、山西等省份各选取 1 个地市, 每个地选取若干初中, 以抽到的班级全体学生作为本次调査对象, 共调 査学生 5 393 名。对抽中学生进行视力检査, 通过各省市统计年鉴获取一般人口经济社会学和自然环境指标数据, 通过单 因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析初中生筛査性近视的影响因素。 结果 单因素分析结果显示, 不同性别、年级、家庭年 均收人、日照时长、气温、海拔髙度、经度、纬度初中生的筛査性近视率差异均有统计学意义 (χ 2 值分别为 47.76,59.05, 10.79, 106.19,53.56,85.02,76.23, 107.07, P 值均<0.05); 多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示, 性别、年级、家庭年均收人、气 温、纬度与学生筛査性近视呈正相关 ( OR 值分别为 1.54, 1.34, 1.62,7.58,27.10), 日照时长和经度与学生筛査性近视呈负 相关 ( OR 值分别为 0.42,0.39) ( P 值均<0.05)。 结论 初中生近视受多种因素影响, 经济社会因素和自然环境因素对初中 生筛査性近视有影响, 各地在制定近视防控措施时要兼顾经济社会因素和自然环境因素。