Urological studies in urination disorders in children

: Enuresis nocturna in children must not be confused with incontinence associated with disorders of urination. Questioning and clinical examination are sufficient to distinguish between these two entities. The former is a psychogenic condition which does not require urological examination, whereas the latter is of urological or neurological origin and requires additional explorations to reach an aetiological diagnosis. These explorations (urography, cystography, cystomanometry, neurophysiological and/or neuroradiological studies) are determined according to the type of the presumed lesion and to the child's age.