Laboratory diagnosis of overt type 2 diabetes in the first trimester of pregnancy

Objective The objective of this study was to compare the use of hemoglobin A1C to oral glucose tolerance testing to diagnose overt type 2 diabetes in the first trimester of pregnancy. The study used a nonexperimental descriptive design to compare the use of the hemoglobin A1C test results to oral glucose tolerance test results. Methods The study used a sample of 45 women at high risk for type 2 diabetes in the first trimester of pregnancy. Participants were consented to draw a hemoglobin A1C with their ordered oral glucose tolerance testing for comparison of the two tests' ability to diagnose overt type 2 diabetes. Results Hemoglobin A1C tests were highly positively correlated with oral glucose tolerance testing for diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in women in the first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion The research provides beginning evidence that the hemoglobin A1C should be considered as a first-tier diagnostic test for overt type 2 diabetes in the first trimester of pregnancy.