A Case of Inguinal Sparganosis Mimicking Myeloid Sarcoma

We report here a case of inguinal sparganosis, initially regarded as myeloid sarcoma, diagnosed in a patient un- dergone allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation (HSCT). A 56-year-old male patient having myelodysplastic syndrome was treated with allogeneic HSCT after myeloablative conditioning regimen. At day 5 post-HSCT, the patient complained of a painless palpable mass on the left scrotum and inguinal area. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging and computed to- mography revealed suspected myeloid sarcoma. Gun-biopsy was performed, and the result revealed eosinophilic infiltra - tions without malignancy. Subsequent serologic IgG antibody test was positive for sparganum. Excisional biopsy as a therapeutic diagnosis was done, and the diagnosis of sparganosis was confirmed eventually. This is the first report of spar - ganosis after allogeneic HSCT mimicking myeloid sarcoma, giving a lesson that the physicians have to consider the pos- sibility of sparganosis in this clinical situation and perform adequate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.