Experimental studies of the effect of metal cores (silver alloy) on the gingival tissue. 2. Extensive studies of gingival discoloration
1986
The investigation was carried out to clarify the gingival discoloration caused bya silver alloy metal core. Experiments were performed on the following four different clinicaltypes of metal core restorations: Type 1, post crown type, ready-prepared; Type II, shoulderedjacket crown preparation, ready-prepared; Type III, shouldered jacket crown preparation, preparedfrom Type I with gum protection ; Type IV, shouldered jacket crown preparation, preparedfrom Type I with inflicting a wound on gingival epithelium. Three months after setting themetal cores, 24 teeth in 3 adult dogs with pinkish gingivae were examined macroscopically, histopathologically and transparent electron microscopically. Depositions, which were foundon the gingival tissue of Type IV, were given electron-probe microanalysis for detecting elements.Macroscopically, gingival discoloration was found on the gingiva of Type IV only. Lightmicroscopically, many black or dark-brown depositions were observed in the lamina propria ofthe gingival tissue of Type IV. Electron-microscopically, these depositions were seen to consistof a fragmentary dense central core of silver alloy surrounded by a halo of lower electron densitymaterial consisting of fine particles and filaments. Large numbers of smaller particles wereseen within histiocyte-like cells. Very fine particles were also observed along the basal laminaof gingival epithelium. Components of the depositions and fine particles were elementallyanalyzed by an electron-probe microanalyser: Silver and sulphur were detected.
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