Fruit Extract of Syzygium cumini Cures Toxic Effects of Fluoride on Erythrocytes and Femur Bone in Male Mice

Rescuing potentials of jambul (Syzygium cumini; old name: Eugenia jambolana) fruit pulp extract (JFPE) on erythrocytes count and various morphometric parameters of femur bone against sodium fluoride (NaF) exposure were investigated. Forty Swiss Webster albino male mice (Mus musculus) were distributed equally in 4 groups: control; NaF; Jambul and NaF+jambul. Control and jambul groups were given F (fluoride) free water (15 days). F-ions (50ppm) from NaF in drinking water were given to NaF and NaF+jambul groups for 10 days and F free water for next 5 days. Animals in jambul and NaF+jambul groups also received 0.25mL JFPE (twice daily) on days 11-15. Anatomically considerable fluorosis of the femur on F exposure was noted. Moreover significantly (P<0.05) higher femur density (mg/mL) was noted in NaF (259.4±0.025) than control (174.53±0.01), jambul (199.48±0.013) and NaF+jambul (179.3±0.014) groups. The other parameters (i.e. Femur weight before and after de-mineralization, shaft length and diameters of femur shaft and head) showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in NaF than that of the control group. Moreover a significant (p<0.05) decline in erythrocyte count (EC) (Millions/mm 3 ) in NaF (4.072±0.094) than control (5.358±0.08), jambul (5.428±0.084) and NaF+jambul (4.794±0.16) groups was noted. The findings show that post treatment with jambul pulp extract for 5 days have shown retrieval capacities upon the debilitating effects of F exposure in bone parameters and EC. Based upon these results it can be concluded that JFPE possesses superb curative potentials for toxic effects of F on EC and bone parameters of adult male mice.