A clinical characteristics analysis of the Mediterranean anemia in Guangxi region in the early neonatal period

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and genetic mutation types of the Mediterranean anemia in Guangxi region in the early neonatal period. Methods The observation group was the children who hospitalized in the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomons Region during the period of January 2013 and November 2015, and diagnosed Mediterranean anemia were 85 cases. And 85 newborns that were in the hospital at the same time were selected as the control group. The matching condition between the observation group and the control group was the gestational age. We retrospectively analyzed the general situation (birth weight and gender) and the treatment procedure (the characteristic of blood routine examinations; the day-old of the onset of anemia; the endurance of jaundice; assisted ventilation; the time of oxygen therapy; the day-old of enteral feeding; the blood transfusion times) of the two groups. And the gene was detected in the observation group. Results The observation group's days of life [(13.00 ± 3.79) d] of the oral feeding were higher than that [(9.33 ± 1.95) d] of the control group's (t= 2.730, P 0.05). In 85 cases the detection of α-thalassemia in 60 cases, 24 patients with β-thalassemia, 1 cases of α-thalassemia combined with β-thalassemia. The logistic regression analysis showed that the age of the oral feeding completely (OR= 0.233, 95% CI= 0.081-0.673) and the times of blood transfusion (OR= 6.621, 95% CI= 2.777-15.784) were the independence factors of the Mediterranean anemia. Conclusion The early clinical performance of Mediterranean anemia is lack of specificity, and we must improve genetic testing and regulate blood transfusion as soon as possible to the one who has anemia and other clinical manifestations within a week immediately following birth or who is suspected of Mediterranean anemia patients by the blood routine examination. Key words: Neonatal; Mediterranean anemia; Early stage; Clinical manifestation