Содовые шламохранилища: проблема утилизации отходов и поиск микроорганизмов-продуцентов промышленно значимых ферментов

An overview of the ways of handling the waste of soda slurry pits, which correspond to the scheme "utilization – obtaining a useful product based on the recovered waste", is presented. As an indirect use of anthropogenic alkaline media with a high level of mineralization, the isolation of microorganisms-producers of industrially significant enzymes, which have unique properties: increased resistance to alkaline media and a high level of mineralization is considered. The results of our own studies of biodiversity of the current and old map of JSC "Bereznikovsky Soda Plant" by the method of metagenomic sequencing are presented, the Shannon and Simpson index, reflecting microbial diversity, uniformity and degree of dominance, are determined. Bacterial cultures with amylolytic, lipolytic, proteolytic and cellulolytic activities were isolated, and the predominance of lipolytic bacteria in soda sludge and technogenic surface formations of the coastal zone, proteolytics on the soil surface of the old slurry pit site and cellulosolytics at a depth of 10 cm was shown.