Simulation and verification electrical properties of liquid metal flexible bioelectrodes

Flexible electronics have grown rapidly due to their potential for portable physiological monitoring and treatment in recent years, such traditional flexible electronic devices with flexible features are usually fabricated on a very thin substrate, which do not directly contact the skin. This may generate large coupling impedance with the skin and a high signal noise for a sensitive detection of weak physiological signals. In this article, we presented a new conceptual flexible bioelectrode based on liquid metal and built an electrical model to illustrate the electrode–skin interface and tested the model on electrode–skin conductivity. It shows that the liquid metal flexible electrode closely attached to the curved surface can bring uniform potential and electric field distribution under skin, and the interface has the smallest impedance, The present work revealed the potential of such flexible bioelectrode in many aspects of biomedical use, such as electronic skin, sensitive electrocardiogram monitoring, acute ventricular defibrillation and so on.