Tetraspanin CD81 is an adverse prognostic marker in acute myeloid leukemia

// Thomas Boyer 1, 2, * , Soizic Guihard 2, * , Christophe Roumier 1 , Pauline Peyrouze 2 , Fanny Gonzales 2 , Celine Berthon 2, 3 , Bruno Quesnel 2, 3 , Claude Preudhomme 1, 2 , Helene Behal 5 , Alain Duhamel 5 , Catherine Roche-Lestienne 2, 4 , Meyling Cheok 2 1 Hematology Laboratory, Biology and Pathology Center, CHRU Lille, France 2 Jean-Pierre AUBERT Research Center, UMR-S1172, Lille, France 3 Department of Hematology, Claude Huriez Hospital, CHRU Lille, France 4 Institute of Medical Genetics, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, CHRU Lille, France 5 Department of Biostatistics, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, EA 2694 - Sante Publique: Epidemiologie et Qualite des Soins, F-59000 Lille, France * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Meyling Cheok, email: meyling.cheok@inserm.fr Keywords: acute myeloid leukemia, prognosis, CD81, tetraspanin, flow cytometry Received: June 07, 2016      Accepted: July 28, 2016      Published: August 22, 2016 ABSTRACT CD81 is a cell surface protein which belongs to the tetraspanin family. While in multiple myeloma its expression on plasma cells is associated with worse prognosis, this has not yet been explored in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We measured membrane expression of CD81 on AML cells at diagnosis, evaluated its association with AML characteristics and its influence on patient outcome after intensive chemotherapy in a cohort of 134 patients. CD81 was detected in 92/134 (69%) patients. Patients with AML expressing CD81 had elevated leukocyte count (P=0.02) and were more likely classified as intermediate or adverse-risk by cytogenetics (P<0.001). CD81 expression had a negative impact on survival (event-free survival, overall survival and relapse-free survival) in univariate (P<0.001) and in multivariate analyses (P=0.003, 0.002 and <0.001, respectively). CD81 has a negative impact on OS in patients with NPM1 mutation (P=0.01) and in patients ELN-favorable (P=0.002). In conclusion, this cell surface marker may be a new prognostic marker for diagnostic risk classification and a potential therapeutic target for drug development in AML.