New Biological Avenues for Sjögren's Syndrome

Abstract The advent of biological treatments that target specific biological pathways has led to new perspectives in the management of Sjogren’s syndrome (SS). Several molecules involved in SS pathogenesis appear to be potential targets: cytokines and costimulatory/intracellular molecules as well as T cell regulators. Many clinical trials are ongoing and may change in the future the therapeutic approach in SS, among these antiinterleukin (IL)-6, anti-IL-7R, antilymphotoxin β, anti-CD40, and anti-PI3Kδ are noteworthy. Moreover, mesenchymal stem cell transplantation has been recently proposed as a new and nonconventional treatment for SS in the context of regenerative medicine.