Bulletin of British earthquakes 2004
2005
The British Geological Survey's (BGS) Seismic Monitoring and Information Service
operates a nationwide network of seismograph stations in the United Kingdom (UK). The
whole of the UK, including coastal waters, is covered within the limits of the detection
capabilities of the seismograph network. Location accuracy is extended in offshore areas
through data exchange with neighbouring countries. Seismic phase data, location details
and magnitudes are presented in this Bulletin for all earthquakes detected and located by
BGS during 2004 in Tables 1 and 2, together with maps showing the larger magnitude
events since 1979 (ML> 2.5) and since 1970 (ML> 3.5). The bulletin covers all of the UK
land mass and its coastal waters including the North Sea to 800 kmE and 1500 kmN.
All events believed to be of true tectonic origins are included. Coalfield events are also
included. These are small events occurring near coal workings that are believed to be
caused by the redistribution of stress as the coal is extracted and, in some cases by collapse
in old workings. They are indicated by C/F in the comments column of Tables 1, 2.
Acoustic disturbances, such as sonic booms from supersonic aircraft, are included when
they are felt. The air-borne waves are readily identified by their slow travel time across an
array or by their signature on a microphone but they are frequently mistaken as small
earthquakes by local people. They are indicated by 'SONIC' in both the locality and
comments column of Table 1.
Significant non-natural events, such as explosions, which received media attention or were
greater than magnitude 2.5 ML or felt by local residents, are also included in Table 1.
Smaller events that are known, or suspected to be of explosive origin are excluded from the
bulletin where possible. These include explosions due to quarrying, mining, weapon testing
or disposal, naval exercises, geophysical prospecting and civil engineering. Unfortunately,
identification by record character, location and time of occurrence is not always conclusive
and some man-made events may be included in the bulletin or, more rarely, a small natural
event may have been excluded.
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