Age-associated functional decline in adults with down´s syndrome.

Age-associated cognitive decline has been investigated in the non-learning disability population but information for people with learning disability is scarce. Seventy-five adults with Down's syndrome, were assessed for age-related changes using the Dementia Questionnaire for Mentally Retarded Persons (DMR; Evenhuis et al, 1990) and a further 20 subjects aged 50 years and over were investigated for 'age-associated functional decline' using AACD criteria (Levy, 1994). Particular areas of age-related decline, highlighted by the DMR questionnaire, were short-term memory, speech, practical skills and activity and interest. Using AACD criteria deterioration in memory, speech and mood was found in 20% of subjects. Associated physical abnormalities were impairment of vision and hearing, bradykinesia and gait deterioration. Loss of adaptive skills occurred with increasing age. The importance of these findings is discussed.