Interleukin 28B polymorphism predicts interferon plus ribavirin treatment outcome in patients with hepatitis C virus-related liver cirrhosis: A multicenter retrospective study in Japan.

Aim This study evaluated the efficacy of interferon plus ribavirin and examined whether interleukin 28B (IL28B) polymorphism influenced treatment outcome in Japanese patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver cirrhosis (LC). Methods Fourteen collaborating centers provided details of 261 patients with HCV-related LC undergoing treatment with interferon plus ribavirin. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to establish which factors predicted treatment outcome. Results Eighty-four patients (32.2%) achieved a sustained virological response (SVR). SVR rates were 21.6% (41/190) in patients with HCV genotype 1 with high viral load (G1H) and 60.6% (43/71) in patients with non-G1H. In patients with non-G1H, treatment outcome was effective irrespective of IL28B polymorphism. In those with G1H, SVR was achieved in 27.1% of patients with the IL28B rs8099917 TT allele compared with 8.8% of those with the TG/GG alleles (P = 0.004). In patients with G1H having TT allele, treatments longer than 48 weeks achieved significantly higher SVR rates than treatments less than 48 weeks (34.6% vs 16.4%, P = 0.042). In patients with G1H having TG/GG alleles, treatments longer than 72 weeks achieved significantly higher SVR rates than treatments less than 72 weeks (37.5% vs 4.1%, P = 0.010). Conclusion Interferon plus ribavirin treatment in Japanese patients with non-G1H HCV-related LC was more effective than those with G1H and not influenced by IL28B polymorphism. In those with G1H, IL28B polymorphism may predict SVR and guide treatment duration: SVR rates were higher in those with the TT allele treated for more than 48 weeks and those with the TG/GG alleles treated for more than 72 weeks.