Regulation of CD4-p56lck-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) and phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI 4-kinase).

CD4 serves as a receptor for MHC class II antigens and as a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) viral coat protein gp120. It is coupled to the protein-tyrosine kinase p56 $^{\text{lck}}$ , an interaction necessary for an optimal response of certain T cells to antigen. Although anti-CD4 crosslinking may increase lck activity, the effects of HIV-1 gp120 have been controversial. Activated protein-tyrosine kinases are known to associate with certain intracellular proteins possessing src-homology regions (SH-2 domains) such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase). In this paper, we demonstrate that the CD4:p56 $^{\text{lck}}$ complex associates with significant amounts of phosphatidylinositol (PI) kinase activity. High pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis of the reaction products demonstrated the presence of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI 3-P) and phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI 4-P), thus indicating that PI 3 and PI 4 kinases associate with CD4-p56 $^{\text{lck}}$ . The p85 subunit of PI 3-kinase was also detected in anti-CD4 immunoprecipitates by immunoblotting with anti-p85 antiserum. Significantly, p56 $^{\text{lck}}$ binding to CD4 appears to be necessary for the detection of lipid kinase activity associated with p56 $^{\text{lck}}$ . Also, anti-HIV gp120 and anti-CD4 crosslinking induced a 10-15-fold increase in levels of both PI 3- and PI 4-kinase activity in anti-CD4 precipitates. Stimulation of CD4-p56 $^{\text{lck}}$ -linked PI kinases by crosslinked HIV-1 gp120 may play a role in HIV-1-induced immune defects.