Ischemic heart disease, prescription of optimal medical therapy and geriatric syndromes in community-dwelling older men: A population-based study

Abstract Background Guideline recommended management of ischemic heart disease (IHD) suggests the concomitant use of antiplatelet, beta-blocker, renin angiotensin system blocker and statin therapy. In older people exposure to multiple medications has been associated with adverse events and geriatric syndromes. The study aimed to investigate the use of medications for IHD in older men with and without geriatric syndromes, and whether adherence to medication guidelines impacts on adverse outcomes. Methods Community-dwelling men, aged ≥70years and enrolled in the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project were studied. Data on self-reported IHD, number of guideline recommended medications (use of four guideline medications considered optimal medical therapy) and geriatric syndromes (frailty, falls, cognitive impairment and urinary incontinence) were obtained. Cox regression was used to assess the relationship between optimal medical therapy and adverse outcomes (mortality and institutionalization), stratifying by geriatric syndromes. Results At baseline, 462 (27%) men self-reported a history of IHD and of these, 226 (49%) had at least one geriatric syndrome. Among men with IHD, no significant difference was observed in patterns of prescribing between those with and without geriatric syndromes. Compared to zero medications, optimal medical therapy among men with IHD was associated with lower mortality [hazard ratio, HR=0.40 (95% CI: 0.21–0.95)] and institutionalization risk (HR=0.31; 95% CI: 0.09–0.81). The presence of geriatric syndromes did not modify the association of increasing use of guideline recommended medications and clinical outcomes. Conclusion In older men with IHD, greater adherence to medication guidelines appears to be positively associated with better clinical outcomes, independent of geriatric syndromes.