A review on microbial volatile biomolecules

Microbial volatile organic molecules (MVOMs) are produced by a number of microbes starting from bacteria to fungi. These molecules are eco-friendly and can be utilized as a cost-effective sustainable strategy for agricultural practice as agents which enhance crop growth, yield, and disease management/control. They have potential as possible alternatives to toxic chemicals (bactericides, fungicides, and pesticides) as well as genetic variations. They also play role in inducing phenotypic plant responses and their potential physiological effects on crops. The bacteria and fungi produce the microbial volatile organic compounds during the intermediary metabolism. Some of the important examples of volatile componds include 2-heptanol,2-methylfuran, 2-pentadecanone, 2-pentanone, 2-pentylfuran, 2-tridecanone, 2-undecanone, 4-heptanone, aromadendrene, azulene, naphthalene, tetrahydofuran, α-phellandrene and β-phellandrene. These molecules are capable to induce tolerance to drought and salinity as well. They also regulate sulfur and iron nutrition in plants.