A highly resourceful magnetically separable magnetic nanoparticles from aqueous peel extract of Bottle gourds for organic dyes degradation

Abstract Present work, described the green synthesis of Pd supported Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles BG/Pd/Fe 3 O 4 MNPs from aqueous Peel extract of Bottle gourds (BG) which act as reducing and capping agent. Synthesized nanoparticles of BG/Pd/Fe 3 O 4 MNPs was characterized by various techniques: Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The structure of synthesized BG/Pd/Fe 3 O 4 MNPs was face centered cubic structure confirmed by the X-ray diffraction analysis. Moreover, the synthesized BG/Pd/Fe 3 O 4 MNPs clearly reveals that they are well dispersed with uniform size (50 nm) and displays high surface area of 27.6 m 2 /g which is calculated by BET adsorption-desorption method. The magnetic behavior of BG/Pd/Fe 3 O 4 MNPs shows enhanced magnetic properties of saturation magnetization (M s , ~ 15.9 emu/g), by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Furthermore, the catalytic activity of synthesized BG/Pd/Fe 3 O 4 MNPs in the reduction of methylene blue (MB) dye was explored by UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy. The synthesized BG/Pd/Fe 3 O 4 MNPs showed good catalytic activity in the reduction of MB dye which is confirmed by the results obtained form UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy. The results were discuss in term of molecular interaction between synthesized BG/Pd/Fe 3 O 4 MNPs and methylene blue (MB) dye.