Synthesis and physicochemical properties of the mixtures based on choline acetate or choline chloride

Abstract In this work the physicochemical properties of newly obtained mixtures (ChM) based on choline acetate (ChAc)/chloride (ChCl) as a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and carboxylic acids (oxalic (OxA), malonic (MA), citric (CA), acetic (AA), formic (FA))/ urea (U) as a hydrogen bond donors (HBD) are discussed. NMR study showed slow reaction between choline and carboxylic acid, leading to obtain ester and water. After 3 weeks of synthesis, water content (wH2O) increased ca. 1.4 and 1.9 times for ChAc+FA and ChAc+OxA respectively. This factor is acid strength (as HBD) dependents. Moreover, the results clearly shown that wH2O can be rapidly determined based on the measurements of the refractive index. The densities of the examined systems are in the range 1.084–1.296 g·cm−3 at 298.15 K, while kinematic viscosity at the same temperature varies from ca. 19 cSt to 2190 cSt for ChAc+FA and ChAc+CA respectively. The highest conductivity was measured in ChCl+FA system and equaled 14.60 mS·cm−1.