Translational Healthcare System through Bioinformatics

Translational healthcare (TH) can be defined as a form of precision medicine used as a prevention and treatment approach for an individual by taking into consideration the subject’s associated variability factors along with standard clinical care. It roughly translates into the process of transforming a huge amount of data into healthcare using advanced computational tools. The TH spectrum stretches at one end where informatics tools link biological units to their clinical output, i.e., from bench to bedside, while at the other end it is to gain knowledge from information translated from the input of biomedical informatics. It is an integrated, comprehensive approach toward diagnostic and therapeutic study that broadly includes clinical big data analysis for genomic discovery and pharmacogenomics to provide routine healthcare, using the collected data through omics approach to design specific drugs and personalized genome testing of the individual through next-generation sequencing analysis to provide customized treatment. The TH attempts to provide individual solutions to singular patient based on combining their genomic, environmental, and clinical profiles that allow us to use this holistic approach in patient care. Academic centers, pharmaceutical companies, biotech companies, and health centers all around the world are developing and implementing various discovery projects whose main objective is to allow workers access a common, homogenous, and detailed data of de identified specimens. This initiative is serving as a repository for augmenting translational research which would lead us to finding firm clinical solutions. This chapter discusses the perspectives of various elements which are involved in translational computational tools that drive us toward realizing precision medicine as an actuality.